See testarudez on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"testa",
"testa#Spanish"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"-ūtus",
"-utus#Latin"
],
[
"-udo",
"-udo#Spanish"
],
[
"testarudo",
"testarudo#Spanish"
],
[
"*-(i)yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós"
],
[
"*-ios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ios#Proto-Italic:_adjective_suffix"
],
[
"-ios",
"-ios#Latin:_suffix_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ius",
"-ius#Latin:_suffix_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ia",
"-ia#Latin:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-itia",
"-itia#Latin"
],
[
"*-jēs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-jēs#Proto-Italic:_noun"
],
[
"-iēs",
"-ies#Latin:_noun"
],
[
"-itiēs",
"-ities#Latin"
],
[
"-ez",
"-ez#Spanish:_noun"
],
[
"testarudo",
"testarudo#Spanish"
],
[
"-ez",
"-ez#Spanish:_noun"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "testarudo",
"4": "-ez<id:noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nSpanish testa\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tusder.\nLatin -ūtus\nSpanish -udo\nSpanish testarudo\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -ius\nLatin -ia\nLatin -itia\nProto-Italic *-jēs\nLatin -iēs\nblend\nLatin -itiēs\nSpanish -ez\nSpanish testarudez\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ūtus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-udo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testarudo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"blend\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-(i)yós\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-jēs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-iēs\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Blend of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"blend\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itiēs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ez\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testarudez\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"testarudez\">\nFrom testarudo + -ez.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nSpanish testa\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tusder.\nLatin -ūtus\nSpanish -udo\nSpanish testarudo\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -ius\nLatin -ia\nLatin -itia\nProto-Italic *-jēs\nLatin -iēs\nblend\nLatin -itiēs\nSpanish -ez\nSpanish testarudez\nFrom testarudo + -ez.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testarudeces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "testarudez f (plural testarudeces)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tes‧ta‧ru‧dez"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tes‧ta‧ru‧dez"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish terms suffixed with -ez",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "es:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stubbornness (in an obnoxious manner)"
],
"id": "en-testarudez-es-noun--khoU3hk",
"links": [
[
"stubbornness",
"stubbornness"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "testa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/testaɾuˈdeθ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪es.t̪a.ɾuˈð̞eθ]"
},
{
"ipa": "/testaɾuˈdes/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪es.t̪a.ɾuˈð̞es]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eθ (Equatorial Guinea, Spain)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-es (Latin America, Philippines)"
}
],
"word": "testarudez"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"testa",
"testa#Spanish"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tus",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"-ūtus",
"-utus#Latin"
],
[
"-udo",
"-udo#Spanish"
],
[
"testarudo",
"testarudo#Spanish"
],
[
"*-(i)yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós"
],
[
"*-ios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ios#Proto-Italic:_adjective_suffix"
],
[
"-ios",
"-ios#Latin:_suffix_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ius",
"-ius#Latin:_suffix_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ia",
"-ia#Latin:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-itia",
"-itia#Latin"
],
[
"*-jēs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-jēs#Proto-Italic:_noun"
],
[
"-iēs",
"-ies#Latin:_noun"
],
[
"-itiēs",
"-ities#Latin"
],
[
"-ez",
"-ez#Spanish:_noun"
],
[
"testarudo",
"testarudo#Spanish"
],
[
"-ez",
"-ez#Spanish:_noun"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "testarudo",
"4": "-ez<id:noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nSpanish testa\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tusder.\nLatin -ūtus\nSpanish -udo\nSpanish testarudo\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -ius\nLatin -ia\nLatin -itia\nProto-Italic *-jēs\nLatin -iēs\nblend\nLatin -itiēs\nSpanish -ez\nSpanish testarudez\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ūtus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-udo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testarudo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"blend\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-(i)yós\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-jēs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-iēs\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Blend of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"blend\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itiēs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ez\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testarudez\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"testarudez\">\nFrom testarudo + -ez.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nSpanish testa\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tusder.\nLatin -ūtus\nSpanish -udo\nSpanish testarudo\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -ius\nLatin -ia\nLatin -itia\nProto-Italic *-jēs\nLatin -iēs\nblend\nLatin -itiēs\nSpanish -ez\nSpanish testarudez\nFrom testarudo + -ez.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testarudeces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "testarudez f (plural testarudeces)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tes‧ta‧ru‧dez"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tes‧ta‧ru‧dez"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "testa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/es",
"Rhymes:Spanish/es/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:Spanish/eθ",
"Rhymes:Spanish/eθ/4 syllables",
"Spanish 4-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms suffixed with -ez",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"es:Emotions"
],
"glosses": [
"stubbornness (in an obnoxious manner)"
],
"links": [
[
"stubbornness",
"stubbornness"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/testaɾuˈdeθ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪es.t̪a.ɾuˈð̞eθ]"
},
{
"ipa": "/testaɾuˈdes/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪es.t̪a.ɾuˈð̞es]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eθ (Equatorial Guinea, Spain)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-es (Latin America, Philippines)"
}
],
"word": "testarudez"
}
Download raw JSONL data for testarudez meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.